{"id":17710,"date":"2016-10-25T17:00:45","date_gmt":"2016-10-25T19:00:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/?p=17710"},"modified":"2016-10-25T11:34:15","modified_gmt":"2016-10-25T13:34:15","slug":"podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/","title":{"rendered":"Podemos aprender a odiar os sacos pl\u00e1sticos?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"\" src=\"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/img\/plastics-montage6.gif\" width=\"601\" height=\"338\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Em 8 de novembro, os californianos votar\u00e3o em um referendo que vai decidir sobre a entrada em vigor da controversa proibi\u00e7\u00e3o dos sacos pl\u00e1sticos n\u00e3o degrad\u00e1veis de uso \u00fanico.<\/p>\n<p>38,8 milh\u00f5es de residentes podem tornar a Calif\u00f3rnia um vasto campo de provas para a ideia de que os americanos podem viver sem o s\u00edmbolo m\u00e1ximo da conveni\u00eancia do consumidor.<\/p>\n<p>Do outro lado do pa\u00eds, Nova Iorque est\u00e1 pensando em se juntar a dezenas de outros munic\u00edpios em todo o pa\u00eds com restri\u00e7\u00f5es aos sacos pl\u00e1sticos atrav\u00e9s da implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de uma taxa de 5 centavos por saco de pl\u00e1stico ou de papel, a partir de fevereiro.<\/p>\n<p>Se os legisladores da Calif\u00f3rnia n\u00e3o inviabilizarem a medida \u2013 como j\u00e1 fizeram em junho e esta possibilidade n\u00e3o est\u00e1 descartada &#8211; significa que quase 50 milh\u00f5es de americanos poder\u00e3o passar a conviver com algum tipo de proibi\u00e7\u00e3o ou sobretaxa sobre os sacos de pl\u00e1stico em um futuro pr\u00f3ximo.<\/p>\n<p>***<\/p>\n<p class=\"first\"><strong>Paper or plastic?\u00a0We were once taught to love plastic shopping bags. Can we now learn to hate them?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p class=\"first\"><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Nota da FUNVERDE &#8211; N\u00f3s devemos, em respeito ao planeta e\u00a0a cada ser vivo, aprender a odiar e recusar sacos pl\u00e1sticos de uso \u00fanico e qualquer embalagem que n\u00e3o puder ser e n\u00e3o for reciclada.<\/span><\/p>\n<p class=\"first\">Paper or save a tree?\u201d Given the dominance of plastic shopping bags today, it\u2019s hard to believe that 30 years ago grocery-store clerks not only needed to convince skeptical consumers to use the flimsy, newfangled sacks, but also touted them as the environmentally friendly choice. It\u2019s even harder to wrap your mind around the notion that the people who made paper bags thought they stood a fighting chance. \u201cWe aren&#8217;t going to roll over and give up on this,\u201d David Carleton, a spokesman for the American Paper Institute Inc., told the <i>Miami Herald<\/i> in 1983. At that point, paper supplied about 95% of the U.S. grocery bag market; by the middle of the decade, it had dropped to 75%. By the mid-\u201990s, <i>plastic<\/i> accounted for 80% of the market, where it remains today.<\/p>\n<p>Now, the momentum might be going the other way \u2014 and away from throwaway bags made of any material. On Nov. 8, Californians will vote on a referendum that will decide whether the state\u2019s contentious ban on single-use plastic bags will go into effect. California\u2019s 38.8 million residents make it a vast proving ground for the idea that Americans can live without the ultimate symbol of consumer convenience. On the other side of the country, New York CIty is planning on joining dozens of other municipalities around the nation with bag restrictions by implementing a 5-cent charge for plastic and paper bags, beginning in February. If state lawmakers don\u2019t derail the measure \u2014 they almost did in June and still haven\u2019t ruled it out \u2014 that means that nearly 50 million Americans could be living with some kind of ban or surcharge on plastic bags in the near future.<\/p>\n<p>The groundwork for plastic\u2019s rise to world dominance was laid in more innocent times by a Swedish engineer named Sten Thulin. It was he who, upon seeing a tube of lightweight polyethylene plastic, had the idea of stamping out sections of it in a simple pattern and closing one end to make it into a bag, with \u201ca handle (or handles)\u2026made of one piece with the remaining bag portion and provided at its upper end with a transverse welding seam,\u201d as the 1962 patent application put it. The drawing for the bag revealed a shape resembling a sleeveless T-shirt; hence, the industry name for the now ubiquitous item: <i>T-shirt bag<\/i>.<\/p>\n<p>It was an ingenious design, although its adoption was, in hindsight, surprisingly slow. The bag first gained a small hold in Europe, but it wasn\u2019t until the 1970s, when the oil industry got involved \u2014 polyethylene can be derived from natural gas or crude oil \u2014 that plastic grocery bags began making its presence in the American market. According to \u201cPlastic, A Toxic Love Story,\u201d Susan Freinkel\u2019s 2011 history of our infatuation with the modern miracle material, executives at Mobil recognized an opportunity in Thurlin\u2019s invention and went all in. Some of the first bags to show up in stores had patriotic red, white and blue designs in honor of the nation\u2019s bicentennial in 1976.<\/p>\n<p>Plastic bags came into fashion just as the United States was starting to come to grips with the dawning cost of environmental disregard, including litter. In 1971, the nation was moved and shamed by the \u201cCrying Indian,\u201d a craggy-faced Native American who served as the central figure in a commercial produced by the anti-littering group Keep America Beautiful. In it, the character paddles a canoe down a pristine wilderness river that gives way to floating trash and smoke-belching factories. He hauls out on a littered shoreline, then makes his way to a nearby highway where he stands stoically as a passing driver tosses trash out the window and at his feet. As he turns to the camera, a single tear trickles down his cheek. The tagline: \u201cPeople Start Pollution. People Can Stop It.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/j7OHG7tHrNM\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p>The commercial, released on the second Earth Day, successfully brought awareness of litter to a mass audience. The irony, detailed in a 2008 article by Ginger Strand in <a href=\"https:\/\/orionmagazine.org\/article\/the-crying-indian\/\" target=\"_blank\"><i>Orion<\/i><\/a> magazine, was that almost everything about it was misleading or fake. The \u201cIndian\u201d was an Italian-American actor, Espera Oscar de Corti, who, under the name of Iron Eyes Cody, had been playing Native Americans for four decades in Hollywood. The tear was glycerin. Most telling, perhaps, was the fact that it was the beverage industry, trying to prevent states from enacting bottle-deposit laws, that bankrolled the anti-litter campaign and put the onus on consumers to modify their behavior.<\/p>\n<p>Looking at the Crying Indian ad today, one detail jumps out: There are no plastic bags. Anywhere. If the ad raised awareness about the harmfulness of littering, it failed to anticipate the increasing use of plastic, which would turn litter into a permanent blot on the planet. Compared to the number of plastic bags we find snagged on riverbanks today, the soggy newspapers seen in the Crying Indian spot seem almost quaint.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere are a lot of things: paper cups, cutlery and other things that are problems for fish. So why the bags? Who decides the bags?\u201d<br \/>\n<i>\u2014 New York state senator Simcha Felder<\/i><\/p>\n<p>When plastic bags first started appearing in American stores, shoppers needed to be educated to their value. <span class=\"small_cap\">THE SACK OF THE FUTURE IS HERE FOR YOU TODAY!<\/span> was the optimistic message stamped on bags from the California-based Ralphs grocery chain. It touted the T-shirt bag\u2019s virtues (<span class=\"small_cap\">EASIER TO CARRY, STRONGER THAN PAPER!<\/span>) and suggested a hodgepodge of uses in a randomly capitalized list: <i>Great for School Books\u2026Ideal for beach parties or picnics\u2026Use as a sewing or a knitting bag\u2026Makes a great liner for small garbage cans.<\/i><\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/img\/ralphs_bag_2.jpg\" alt=\"skeleton\" \/><\/p>\n<p><em><b class=\"bolder\">GET A GRIP<\/b> Shoppers at California-based Ralphs supermarkets were given easy operating instructions for the newfangled sacks.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/2.0\/\" target=\"_new\">Jerid Cat via Flickr<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n<p>Grocers liked them because they were much cheaper than paper \u2014 a plastic bag costs about 1 cent to produce, compared to 5 cents for paper \u2014 but their use was not intuitive. According to Freinkel, bag manufacturers actually held training sessions for supermarket baggers on how to pack the new sacks to achieve an orderly result.<\/p>\n<p>Still, some people disliked the innovation. My wife, who was a preteen when plastic bags were introduced in her part of the country, recalls feeling slightly ashamed when carrying the groceries in plastic. \u201cThey just seemed trashy,\u201d she says.<\/p>\n<p>The paper manufacturers tried to leverage such sentiments in their doomed battle against plastic\u2019s coming hegemony. Industry flacks pointed out that plastic bags flopped over in your car trunk, and could bang against your legs when you were walking. They reminded the public that paper bags are good for protecting book covers (again with the school books!) and making Halloween masks. They \u2014 along with many environmental and civic groups \u2014 made the case that plastic bags were bad for the environment.<\/p>\n<p>But the environmental case wasn\u2019t airtight: Plastic-bag manufacturers countered such claims, arguing that the widespread use of paper bags destroyed trees (hence, the grocery clerk\u2019s entreaty to \u201csave a tree\u201d), created vast quantities of pollution and consumed far more energy, during the manufacturing process as well as in transport.<\/p>\n<p>Americans gradually became customized to the upstart receptacle. Sure, some people continued to opt for the familiar brown paper bag, but for a steadily increasing number, the answer \u2014 as so famously foretold in Mike Nichols\u2019 1967 classic, \u201cThe Graduate\u201d \u2014 was plastic. The bags, it turned out, were simply too convenient to resist.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/Dug-G9xVdVs\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p class=\"first\">Every morning, like the faithful son he is, New York state Sen. Simcha Felder telephones his mother. They chat about everything \u2014 her health, the weather, the family, current events or whatever may be troubling her. It was on one of these calls, a few years back when he was still serving on the New York City Council, that Mrs. Felder directed her son\u2019s attention to what she perceived to be an injustice in the making: a plan to start making consumers pay for plastic bags in New York City.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen this started, this discussion about the bags, she says, \u2018Can you imagine? They want to do something with the plastic bags,\u2019 \u201d says Felder, a Brooklyn Democrat who caucuses with Republicans in Albany. \u201cWhen my mother says, \u2018Can you imagine,\u2019 it\u2019s like the earth is going to open up and swallow everyone. That, to me, was like the beginning of a fire.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>The proposal that Felder\u2019s mother was talking about, to levy a fee on single-use plastic shopping bags, was first floated by the administration of then-mayor Michael Bloomberg in 2008 to reduce litter by encouraging the use of reusable alternatives. To protest the plan, which Felder maintains places undue financial burden on ordinary New Yorkers, he staged a dramatic appearance before the Council\u2019s Budget Committee, where he ceremoniously<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=dhnOHyW9vj4\" target=\"_blank\">uncrinkled three different-sized plastic bags<\/a> and displayed them for the committee\u2019s edification.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cMark Page, the budget director, who rarely smiles, let alone laughs \u2014 he laughed,\u201d Felder recalls. \u201cSo I accomplished something.\u201d But after the laughter subsided, Felder\u2019s presentation turned solemn. \u201cPeople are suffering,\u201d he told the committee. \u201cFor them to be nickel-and-dimed\u2026I don\u2019t think it\u2019s fair.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/img\/Felder_1.jpg\" alt=\"skeleton\" \/><em><b class=\"bolder\">BAG MAN<\/b> New York state senator Simcha Felder is leading the charge to preserve plastic sacks, which he characterizes as a \u201ctax\u201d on the poor.\u00a0Go Nakamura for New York Daily News<\/em><\/p>\n<p>The Bloomberg bag fee went nowhere, and Felder and his mom may have thought they could rest easy. But now, eight years later, the issue is gaining steam. More and more cities across the country \u2014 including San Francisco, Los Angeles, Washington, D.C., and Austin, Tex. \u2014 have responded to pleas from environmental groups and enacted limits on single-use bags. In May of this year, the New York City Council finally took action, passing a bill that had been grinding through the system since 2013, and began preparing for October implementation of a 5-cent fee on paper as well as plastic shopping bags, despite intense lobbying efforts by the plastic-bag industry.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe see California as creating a spark, just like San Francisco did for local ordinances. And obviously New York City, on the Eastern Seaboard, is going to be key.\u201d<br \/>\n<i>\u2014 Angela Howe, Surfrider Foundation<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Felder, elected to the state Senate in 2012, found himself making a last stand against what he continues to characterize as a tax on the poor. (The measure does not meet the definition of a tax because the money would go to the retailer rather than the government; City Council is prohibited by law from levying taxes.) Perhaps with his mother\u2019s words still echoing in his ears, Felder introduced legislation in June that would have voided the city law and prevented any municipality in the state from passing anything similar. The bill passed the Senate easily, and looked like it would swiftly reach Gov. Andrew Cuomo\u2019s desk until legislative leaders agreed to delay implementation until February 2017. The backroom deal leaves the door open for the bill to be modified, weakened or blocked outright, depending on which way the political winds blow after November.<\/p>\n<p>Felder casts the issue as a straightforward battle between common folk and elites, another example of lawmakers interfering with people\u2019s personal choices to discourage behaviors deemed harmful to them. Such so-called \u201cnanny state\u201d measures were a hallmark of the Bloomberg administration, which imposed steep surcharges on tobacco products, outlawed the use of transfats by restaurants and, unsuccessfully, sought to limit the sale of sugary beverages and charge a \u201ccongestion fee\u201d for motorists who drive into parts of Manhattan. \u201cI really despise government intervening with people\u2019s lives unless there\u2019s an extraordinary, compelling reason,\u201d Felder says. \u201cThere are certain comforts that no matter how little you have financially, you (still) have. You go to the grocery and you get a bag. People struggle, they have a hard time surviving. A bag makes people\u2019s lives easier, no one would question that.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cOne has to figure out,\u201d he continues, \u201cwhy in the world did the City Council decide bags were the things? Why did they choose this and nothing else? There are a lot of other things: paper cups, cutlery and other things that, by far \u2014 it\u2019s not even close \u2014 are problems for fish, for turtles, for other things. So why the bags? Who decides the bags?\u201d<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/img\/american_beauty_opt.gif\" \/><em><b class=\"bolder\">BLOWIN\u2019 IN THE WIND<\/b> In \u201cAmerican Beauty,\u201d a swirling plastic bag serves as a metaphor for the bereft American soul. Or something.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Today, plastic bags fly out of stores around the world by the trillions every year. They serve a fleeting purpose, and sometimes they are recycled or reused \u2014 or, as in households everywhere, stuffed by the dozen under the kitchen sink. But they are often discarded carelessly. Uniquely aerodynamic because of their lightweight and air-catching design, they blow out of garbage cans, sanitation trucks and landfills and easily reach streams, rivers and, eventually, oceans. They flutter from trees, bushes and fences, sad banners of our planet\u2019s wasteful culture. In the 1999 film \u201cAmerican Beauty,\u201d an end-of-the-millennium lamentation on suburban alienation and angst, a sensitive teen uses video footage of a windblown plastic bag in a bid to win the affections of a girl. The aimless sack makes a return as the movie ends, a metaphor for the bereft American soul (or something like that).<\/p>\n<p>A decade later, Ramin Bahrani\u2019s film <a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=YuJ31bu01mM\" target=\"_blank\">\u201cPlastic Bag\u201d<\/a> gives another windblown bag a human voice. Not just any voice, either, but that of Werner Herzog, the eccentric German director. The 18-minute short delivers a fairly pedestrian message \u2014 plastic bags are essentially indestructible and end up getting blown into the ocean, which is bad \u2014 but Herzog\u2019s musing narration in his distinct near-monotone lends the message a particularly surreal edge.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/player.vimeo.com\/video\/13795330\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/13795330\">Plastic bag de Ramin Bahrani<\/a> from <a href=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\/user3601063\">Cortos Sabrosos<\/a> on <a href=\"https:\/\/vimeo.com\">Vimeo<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>The bag falls in love with his \u201cmaker,\u201d who obtains him at the store and later fills him with ice to soothe a sports injury (he really digs that) before she deploys him to pick up dog-doo and discards him without a backward glance. He finds fleeting love with another wayward bag before he ends up permanently snagged on a coral reef, lamenting the eternal purgatory to which he\u2019s condemned.<\/p>\n<p>The bizarre movie illustrates the qualities that make plastic bags particularly troublesome for so many activists. Bags in the water resemble jellyfish and squid, and endanger sea turtles and other marine animals that mistake them for food. One sperm whale found floating dead in the Aegean Sea had a stomach full of plastic debris that included about 100 bags, one of which was imprinted with the address and phone number of a restaurant in Thessaloniki, Greece, some 300 miles away.<\/p>\n<p>Plastic bags clog storm drains and sewage-treatment plants. They drift down city streets and suburban subdivisions. And they never really disappear; eventually, they break into tiny pieces, becoming part of the plastic masses swirling through our oceans, which have now been detected all the way to the South Pole. Each year, as much as 12 million metric tons of plastic \u2014 of which bags represent about 2% \u2014 washes out to sea. We don\u2019t even know where 99% of it ends up.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/lLbJZjYyXAs\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" frameborder=\"0\" allowfullscreen=\"allowfullscreen\"><\/iframe><em><b class=\"bolder\">SEA CHANGE<\/b> Each year, 12 million metric tons of plastic wash out to our oceans; plastic bags account for roughly 2% of this flotsam mass.\u00a0Greenpeace<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Average consumers have no way of limiting the amount of industrial-scale plastic pollution but they can control their own use of plastic bags. The problem is, they don\u2019t. Americans use approximately 100 billion plastic shopping bags per year (that number doesn\u2019t include other types of plastic bags), and researchers estimate that as many as 50 million of those end up as litter. On average, a bag\u2019s useful life lasts only 20 minutes. The omnipresence of these bags in daily life has put them in the crosshairs of environmental groups since the early 2000s and, as such, have become the obvious place to begin changing the way we use and think about plastic.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cPlastic bags are this ubiquitous consumer item, because they\u2019re just given away for free at the checkout, and people don\u2019t think of them,\u201d says Angela Howe, legal director of the California-based Surfrider Foundation, a coastal advocacy group that has been a major force pushing for anti-bag legislation. Howe makes the case that plastic bags are the perfect place to start changing overall consumer dependence on plastic. \u201cAll plastic is bad for the ocean, but plastic bags are something that we all know and deal with every day. And there is such an easy alternative, a reusable alternative. We need to start thinking about our consumer behaviors and how to change them, and this is potentially the easiest change that everyone can make and can start thinking about.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>Banning single-use plastic bags, or making people pay a per-bag surcharge to discourage their use, is an idea that has gained traction worldwide. China and Bangladesh have nationwide bans in place, as do states and provinces in other countries; in Rwanda, the policy is so strict that they search your luggage for plastic bags when you come into the country, resulting in significantly cleaner streets. The laws are not always effective \u2014 enforcement can be spotty \u2014 but when they work, the results are unequivocal: In Ireland, which put a 15-cent fee on plastic bags in 2002, the government estimated a 90% reduction in their use in the first year.<\/p>\n<p>California, as is often the case in environmental issues, has led the nation with its anti\u2013plastic-bag policies. San Francisco was the first U.S. city to pass a ban, in 2007, and some 138 municipalities and counties across the Golden State, including Los Angeles and San Jose, followed suit. Then, in 2014, Gov. Jerry Brown signed legislation banning plastic bags statewide. \u201cWe\u2019re the first to ban these bags,\u201d Brown said at the time. \u201cAnd we won\u2019t be the last.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>In Suffolk County, N.Y., lawmakers hope to see plastic-bag use reduced by as much as 70% in 2018, when a 5-cent plastic bag surcharge is slated to take effect. The eastern Long Island county would be the fifth jurisdiction in the state (after three Westchester towns and New York City) to take action, although it would be voided if Senator Felder\u2019s legislation ever makes it through the legislative process.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/img\/Long_Beach_stack.jpg\" alt=\"skeleton\" \/><em><b class=\"bolder\">PLASTIC PEOPLE<\/b> A resident of Long Beach, NY, covered himself in plastic sacks (representing the average number an individual uses annually) at a city council meeting to illustrate their environmental impact.\u00a0Ben Strack\/Herald<\/em><\/p>\n<p>In most of the United States, however, efforts to ban or charge for single-use plastic bags have been relatively rare, in part thanks to vigorous lobbying efforts by the industry\u2019s advocacy organization, the American Progressive Bag Alliance (APBA). The group has done everything from <a href=\"http:\/\/www.abagslife.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">creating an anthropomorphic bag character<\/a> that wants you to know that plastic bags can be recycled, to pumping $3.2 million into an effort to get a statewide referendum on the ballot in California to veto the ban, which has been in limbo since Gov. Brown signed the bill in 2014.<\/p>\n<p>Plastic-bag advocates have deftly exploited the politics of individual states to prevent or delay bag bans. Florida and Indiana have passed laws preventing any county, city or town from enacting bag bans or fees. In Dallas, lobbying efforts and public outcry led to the reversal of that city\u2019s 5-cent fee only a few months after it went into effect, and challenges to other Texas anti-bag legislation are currently before the state\u2019s higher courts. Lawmakers in Michigan recently introduced legislation that will bar cities from banning or taxing plastic bags. The bill has passed the Senate and will now be taken up by the House.<\/p>\n<p>Environmentalists, however, see the potential for momentum to shift if the California ban is upheld in November. \u201cI really think we see California as creating a spark, just like San Francisco did for local ordinances,\u201d says Howe of the Surfrider Foundation. \u201cAnd obviously New York City, on the Eastern Seaboard, is going to be key.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>NYC\u2019s 8.5 million residents use more than 9 billion plastic bags each year, and those featherweight sacks add up: They account for an astonishing 1,700 tons of residential garbage each week, according to estimates from the city\u2019s sanitation department. Only a small fraction of the total are recycled, although larger stores are required to offer bins where shoppers can return the bags.<\/p>\n<p>A plastic-bag fee in New York would be a serious trophy for the anti-bag crew. That\u2019s why the APBA has lobbied so hard in the city, joining forces with a handful of unions and community groups and creating a slick <a href=\"http:\/\/bagthetaxnyc.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">website<\/a> to dispel what it calls myths about the plastic bag.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/img\/abagslife.JPG\" alt=\"skeleton\" \/><em><b class=\"bolder\">STUFF IT!<\/b> Lobbyists for the beleaguered plastic bag want you to know that sacks have feelings too.\u00a0Plastics Industry Trade Association<\/em><\/p>\n<p>It looked like the lobbyists had lost the battle in May of this year when, after protracted debate and multiple revisions, the City Council passed its long-simmering bag bill. It places a 5-cent fee on both paper and plastic single-use bags, half of the originally proposed 10 cents. Consumers receiving governmental nutritional assistance would be exempted, as would restaurants, street vendors and pharmacies dispensing medication. The plan calls for distribution of thousands of free reusable bags to the general public.<\/p>\n<p>Felder\u2019s core message about nickel-and-diming working people, heartfelt though it may be, is drawn straight from the playbook of the APBA. The organization frequently paints bag fees as a regressive tax, and the anti-bag forces as elitists who are impractical, if not disingenuous and, in any case, out of touch with the concerns of everyday Americans. The trade organization delivers that message loudly and often in communities that are talking about bag restrictions, including in NYC, where, according to advocates for the bag charge, they were extremely active in talking to legislators.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWhen a city debates the topic, we do want to go to public officials and talk to them and help to set the record straight,\u201d says Phil Rozenski of the APBA. Among the arguments the lobbyist offers in opposition to a ban or surcharge on plastic bags: Plastic bags are an insignificant part of the litter stream. People don\u2019t wash reusable bags enough, which can harbor potentially dangerous bacteria. Plastic-bag companies employ people. Charging for plastic bags disproportionately affects poor people.<\/p>\n<p>The latter argument, of course, is Felder\u2019s main opposition to what he calls the bag \u201ctax.\u201d State Sen. Liz Krueger, a Democrat from the Upper East Side of Manhattan, debated him for more than an hour on the Senate floor. Krueger doesn\u2019t buy the idea that people are deeply attached to the \u201ccomfort\u201d of free plastic bags. \u201cI don\u2019t want to speak for low-income people,\u201d she says. \u201cBut I worked on low-income issues for 20 years in low-income communities of New York (City). I could make a very long list of creature comforts the poor of New York are in need of and articulate about. I never heard anyone put on their list the comfort of the plastic bag.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u201cI could make a very long list of creature comforts the poor of New York are in need of and articulate about. I never heard anyone put on their list the comfort of the plastic bag.\u201d<br \/>\n<i>\u2014 New York state senator Liz Krueger<\/i><\/p>\n<p>Supporters of the bag fee are warily hoping that, come February, the largest city in the United States will finally start doing something about its 9-billion-a-year bag habit. \u201cIt has certainly been far harder than I expected it to be,\u201d says Councilman Brad Lander, a Brooklyn Democrat who sponsored the bill. \u201cWhile I knew there would be some resistance, I have definitely been surprised at how strong the opposition is. I think New Yorkers are just passionate people. I don\u2019t know.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>For his part, Felder won\u2019t rule out yet another end run around the bag fee before the February implementation date, a move that would be more likely to succeed if the Republicans retain control of the state\u2019s legislature in November. \u201cI think that as it gets closer \u2014 at the end of December, beginning of the new year \u2014 we are going to get more elected officials involved in petitions,\u201d he says. \u201cThere will be hearings. I like making trouble, and this is for me a good excuse. I want to make sure that the mayor and the City Council don\u2019t feel lonely \u2014 that they\u2019re the only ones who could come up with something sly. I want to keep them company. I want to come up with something interesting.\u201d<\/p>\n<p class=\"first\">Plastic-bag manufacturers like to think of Americans as being incorrigibly attached to the convenience of the disposable plastic bag. The APBA\u2019s Rozenski keeps coming back to it: People, he says, are either supportive of environmentally sustainable practices such as reusing their own bags, or not. And they\u2019re not going to change. \u201cWhat we are finding out when it comes to these products is that some people are 100% focused on it,\u201d he says. Many more, however, only bother to bring a reusable bag a small percentage of the time. \u201cThe vast majority of people never use reusable bags enough in their life cycle to get the efficiency out of it.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>But a less convenient truth for bag manufacturers is that people\u2019s behavior <i>can<\/i> be changed. People were taught to love plastic bags; they could almost certainly be taught to hate them. \u201cWhen they\u2019ve implemented (bag legislation) in other American cities with a similar model, there\u2019s a 70% change in behavior,\u201d Sen. Krueger says. \u201cWhen you get people to grasp why it\u2019s a win-win not to use plastic bags \u2014 a win for the environment, a win for your pocketbook \u2014 and just not that big a deal to change your behavior, you can do so in a very short time frame.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>For both sides of the bag debate, the legislation in New York and California represents a turning point, a potential to permanently influence the way tens of millions of people carry goods home from the store. \u201cI think the dominoes are going to fall either way,\u201d says Howe of the Surfrider Foundation. \u201cWe\u2019re coming from generations of this consumer throwaway culture. We are just realizing we can\u2019t do that anymore. Our landfills are filling up, our ocean is filling up with plastic. We have to make that change. Once people start understanding there\u2019s a consequence for where these products go after they\u2019re in your hands for 10 minutes, we\u2019ll get people thinking more about how to consume and how to live more sustainably.\u201d<\/p>\n<p><strong>The war on bags<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>If voters uphold the California ban at referendum in November and the New York City bag fee goes through as scheduled in February, 13 of the 50 most populous cities in the United States will have some form of restriction, in the form of bans and\/or charges, on single-use bags:<\/p>\n<p><strong>City, population<\/strong><br \/>\nNew York City, 8,550,405<br \/>\nLos Angeles, 3,971,883<br \/>\nSan Diego, 1,394,928<br \/>\nSan Jose, 1,026,908Austin, 931,830<br \/>\nSan Francisco, 864,816<br \/>\nSeattle, 684,451<br \/>\nWashington, D.C., 672,228<br \/>\nPortland, Ore., 632,309<br \/>\nFresno, Calif., 520,052<br \/>\nSacramento, 490,712<br \/>\nLong Beach, Calif., 474,140<br \/>\nOakland, 419,267<br \/>\nSources: Earth Policy Institute, Surfrider Foundation, U.S. Census Bureau<\/p>\n<p>Fonte: <a id=\"byline\" href=\"mailto:sgoodyear@nydailynews.com\">Sarah Goodyear<\/a>,\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/\" target=\"_blank\">DailyNews<\/a><\/p>\n<p>Boletim do Instituto IDEAIS \u00a0de 24 de outubro de 2016<\/p>\n<p><strong>Instituto Ideais<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.i-ideais.org.br\/\" target=\"_blank\">www.i-ideais.org.br<\/a><\/strong><br \/>\ninfo@i-ideais.org.br<br \/>\n+ 55 19 3327 3524<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/c2.staticflickr.com\/2\/1634\/25629527093_95a5536266_o.jpg\" alt=\"\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Em 8 de novembro, os californianos votar\u00e3o em um referendo que vai decidir sobre a entrada em vigor da controversa proibi\u00e7\u00e3o dos sacos pl\u00e1sticos n\u00e3o degrad\u00e1veis de uso \u00fanico. 38,8 milh\u00f5es de residentes podem tornar a Calif\u00f3rnia um vasto campo de provas para a ideia de que os americanos podem viver sem o s\u00edmbolo m\u00e1ximo&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[33,41,54],"post_series":[],"class_list":["post-17710","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-geral","tag-educacao-ambiental","tag-httpwww-i-ideais-org-br","tag-sacola-plastica-de-uso-unico-plastic-bag-plastico-convencional-eterno-plastico-poluidor-plastico-poluicao-500-anos","entry","no-media"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v25.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Podemos aprender a odiar os sacos pl\u00e1sticos? - FUNVERDE<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Podemos aprender a odiar os sacos pl\u00e1sticos? - FUNVERDE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Em 8 de novembro, os californianos votar\u00e3o em um referendo que vai decidir sobre a entrada em vigor da controversa proibi\u00e7\u00e3o dos sacos pl\u00e1sticos n\u00e3o degrad\u00e1veis de uso \u00fanico. 38,8 milh\u00f5es de residentes podem tornar a Calif\u00f3rnia um vasto campo de provas para a ideia de que os americanos podem viver sem o s\u00edmbolo m\u00e1ximo&hellip;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"FUNVERDE\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/funverde\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2016-10-25T19:00:45+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/img\/plastics-montage6.gif\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"funverde\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@funverde\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@funverde\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Escrito por\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"funverde\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. tempo de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"24 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"funverde\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/bec97e35994e1efd40b63cb533e44277\"},\"headline\":\"Podemos aprender a odiar os sacos pl\u00e1sticos?\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-10-25T19:00:45+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/\"},\"wordCount\":4777,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/img\/plastics-montage6.gif\",\"keywords\":[\"Educa\u00e7\u00e3o ambiental\",\"Instituto ideais\",\"Pl\u00e1stico\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Geral\"],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/\",\"name\":\"Podemos aprender a odiar os sacos pl\u00e1sticos? - FUNVERDE\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/img\/plastics-montage6.gif\",\"datePublished\":\"2016-10-25T19:00:45+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/img\/plastics-montage6.gif\",\"contentUrl\":\"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/img\/plastics-montage6.gif\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"In\u00edcio\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Podemos aprender a odiar os sacos pl\u00e1sticos?\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/\",\"name\":\"FUNVERDE\",\"description\":\"ONG criada em 1999, para melhorar o planeta, atrav\u00e9s da preserva\u00e7\u00e3o, recupera\u00e7\u00e3o e educa\u00e7\u00e3o.\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#organization\",\"name\":\"FUNVERDE\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Logo_Funverde.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Logo_Funverde.jpg\",\"width\":457,\"height\":499,\"caption\":\"FUNVERDE\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/funverde\",\"https:\/\/x.com\/funverde\",\"https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/funverde\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/bec97e35994e1efd40b63cb533e44277\",\"name\":\"funverde\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6dd413cb194962ed8eb124d2dce6f715?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6dd413cb194962ed8eb124d2dce6f715?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"funverde\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Podemos aprender a odiar os sacos pl\u00e1sticos? - FUNVERDE","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/","og_locale":"pt_BR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Podemos aprender a odiar os sacos pl\u00e1sticos? - FUNVERDE","og_description":"Em 8 de novembro, os californianos votar\u00e3o em um referendo que vai decidir sobre a entrada em vigor da controversa proibi\u00e7\u00e3o dos sacos pl\u00e1sticos n\u00e3o degrad\u00e1veis de uso \u00fanico. 38,8 milh\u00f5es de residentes podem tornar a Calif\u00f3rnia um vasto campo de provas para a ideia de que os americanos podem viver sem o s\u00edmbolo m\u00e1ximo&hellip;","og_url":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/","og_site_name":"FUNVERDE","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/funverde","article_published_time":"2016-10-25T19:00:45+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/img\/plastics-montage6.gif","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"funverde","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@funverde","twitter_site":"@funverde","twitter_misc":{"Escrito por":"funverde","Est. tempo de leitura":"24 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/"},"author":{"name":"funverde","@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/bec97e35994e1efd40b63cb533e44277"},"headline":"Podemos aprender a odiar os sacos pl\u00e1sticos?","datePublished":"2016-10-25T19:00:45+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/"},"wordCount":4777,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/img\/plastics-montage6.gif","keywords":["Educa\u00e7\u00e3o ambiental","Instituto ideais","Pl\u00e1stico"],"articleSection":["Geral"],"inLanguage":"pt-BR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/","url":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/","name":"Podemos aprender a odiar os sacos pl\u00e1sticos? - FUNVERDE","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/img\/plastics-montage6.gif","datePublished":"2016-10-25T19:00:45+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"pt-BR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pt-BR","@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/#primaryimage","url":"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/img\/plastics-montage6.gif","contentUrl":"http:\/\/interactive.nydailynews.com\/2016\/10\/plastic-shopping-bag-ban-controversy\/img\/plastics-montage6.gif"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/podemos-aprender-a-odiar-os-sacos-plasticos\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"In\u00edcio","item":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Podemos aprender a odiar os sacos pl\u00e1sticos?"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/","name":"FUNVERDE","description":"ONG criada em 1999, para melhorar o planeta, atrav\u00e9s da preserva\u00e7\u00e3o, recupera\u00e7\u00e3o e educa\u00e7\u00e3o.","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"pt-BR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#organization","name":"FUNVERDE","url":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pt-BR","@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Logo_Funverde.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Logo_Funverde.jpg","width":457,"height":499,"caption":"FUNVERDE"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/funverde","https:\/\/x.com\/funverde","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/funverde\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/bec97e35994e1efd40b63cb533e44277","name":"funverde","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pt-BR","@id":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/#\/schema\/person\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6dd413cb194962ed8eb124d2dce6f715?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/6dd413cb194962ed8eb124d2dce6f715?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"funverde"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17710"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17710"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17710\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17721,"href":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17710\/revisions\/17721"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17710"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17710"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17710"},{"taxonomy":"post_series","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.funverde.org.br\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/post_series?post=17710"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}